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To retain participants, the key strategy is local RAs, under whom participants are ‘nested’. During recruitment RAs requested detailed contact information including that of caregivers or close family members. They typically recruited participants in areas where they live and have wide acquaintanceship, providing credibility for the study, and bringing local know-how to re-finding participants. Recruitment included a variety of strategies: at schools, through church groups, neighbors, relatives, and friends and in a snowball approach.
African countries include incredible diversity. Although home to only one sixth of the world’s population, Africa is home to a third of the living languages. Our sample at Wave 1 includes over 50 ethnographic-linguistic groups.
ALLS Wave 1 Sample Demographic Characteristics
|
|
Kenya (n = 866) |
Namibia (n = 1,144) |
South Africa (n = 874) |
Total (N = 2,884) |
||||
|
|
n |
% |
n |
% |
n |
% |
n |
% |
|
Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18 |
776 |
82.8 |
949 |
81.0 |
693 |
73.7 |
2418 |
79.3 |
|
>18 |
148 |
15.8 |
213 |
18.2 |
237 |
25.2 |
598 |
19.6 |
|
Gender = female |
458 |
48.9 |
646 |
55.2 |
615 |
65.4 |
1719 |
56.4 |
|
Gender = other |
- |
- |
- |
- |
5 |
0.5 |
5 |
0.2 |
|
Relationship = single |
679 |
72.5 |
857 |
73.2 |
714 |
76 |
2250 |
73.8 |
|
Parent status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No children |
905 |
96.6 |
1068 |
91.2 |
890 |
94.7 |
2863 |
93.9 |
|
One child |
13 |
1.4 |
90 |
7.7 |
37 |
3.9 |
140 |
4.6 |
|
Two or more children |
7 |
0.7 |
8 |
0.7 |
7 |
0.7 |
22 |
0.7 |
|
Full time student |
772 |
82.4 |
997 |
85.1 |
774 |
82.3 |
2543 |
83.4 |
|
Female caregiver education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grade 10 or less |
397 |
42.4 |
1799 |
153.6 |
232 |
24.7 |
2428 |
79.7 |
|
Grade 11 or 12 |
209 |
22.3 |
246 |
21.0 |
311 |
33.1 |
766 |
25.1 |
|
Vocational or other post-secondary |
184 |
19.6 |
144 |
12.3 |
311 |
33.1 |
639 |
21.0 |
|
Bachelor's degree |
69 |
7.4 |
50 |
4.3 |
- |
- |
119 |
3.9 |
|
Post-graduate degree |
34 |
3.6 |
27 |
2.3 |
68 |
7.2 |
129 |
4.2 |
|
No female caregiver |
32 |
3.4 |
66 |
5.6 |
- |
- |
98 |
3.2 |
|
Geographic location |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
City |
152 |
16.2 |
15 |
1.3 |
203 |
21.6 |
370 |
12.1 |
|
Town |
380 |
40.6 |
488 |
41.7 |
11 |
1.2 |
879 |
28.8 |
|
Township |
- |
- |
- |
- |
212 |
22.6 |
212 |
7.0 |
|
Village or rural area |
191 |
20.4 |
283 |
24.2 |
4 |
0.4 |
478 |
15.7 |
|
Informal settlement |
4 |
0.4 |
106 |
9.1 |
47 |
5.0 |
157 |
5.2 |
|
Suburb |
0 |
0.0 |
161 |
13.7 |
398 |
42.3 |
559 |
18.3 |
|
Housing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-permanent structure |
242 |
25.8 |
198 |
16.9 |
92 |
9.8 |
532 |
17.5 |
|
In someone else's home |
58 |
6.2 |
113 |
9.6 |
40 |
4.3 |
211 |
6.9 |
|
Rented house/apartment |
228 |
24.3 |
137 |
11.7 |
143 |
15.2 |
508 |
16.7 |
|
Owned house/apartment |
395 |
42.2 |
701 |
59.9 |
653 |
69.5 |
1749 |
57.4 |
|
Electricity at aome |
643 |
68.6 |
845 |
72.2 |
906 |
96.4 |
2394 |
78.5 |
|
Own a phone |
639 |
68.2 |
828 |
70.7 |
836 |
88.9 |
2303 |
75.6 |
|
Have own bedroom |
485 |
51.8 |
523 |
44.7 |
536 |
57.0 |
1544 |
50.7 |
|
Computer in household |
301 |
32.1 |
400 |
34.2 |
602 |
64.0 |
1303 |
42.7 |
|
Have Car in household |
218 |
23.3 |
353 |
30.1 |
544 |
57.9 |
1115 |
36.6 |
